Ka Wai Ola - Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Volume 15, Number 2, 1 Pepeluali 1998 — A HAWAIIAN HISTORICAL TIME LINE [ARTICLE]

A HAWAIIAN HISTORICAL TIME LINE

Pō (darkness) Ao (light) lst century 500 - 750 1000-1150 1758 1778 ja 1795 1804 1819 1820 1835 1840 1843 1848 1876 1887 1891 1893 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1917

Creation of the world, plant and animal life in the oeean and on land (Kumulipo genealogy) Life forms evolve, man and woman created, gods emerge (Kumulipo genealogy). Hāloa, ancestor of the Hawaiian race, is born. Earliest carbon-dated recording of civilization in Hawai'i. Migrations from Nukuhiwa (Marquesas). Migrations ftom Tahiti. Arrival of Pā'ao who introduced the Kū priesthood/worship and luakini heiau. Paiea Kamehameha son of Keoua and Keku'i'apoiwa, bom at Kokoiki. Kdiala. First recorded haole (foreign) arrival in Hawai'i: British Capt. James Cook. lntroduction of foreign diseases triggers massive native depopulaton. Kamehameha conquers O'ahu at Leleaka'anae, Nu'uanu. Centralized Hawaiian government established. Ma'i 'ōku'u (cholera) epidemic. Thousands of Hawaiians die, population continues to plummet. Death of Kamehameha. 'Aikapu abolished, 'Ainoa established. Ameiiean Calvinist missionaries arrive from New England. First sugar plantation established at Kōloa. Kaua'i. Kamehameha 111 proclaims constitution. Constimtional Monarchy established. "Paulet Affair." I lawai'i's sovereignt\ taken by British subject, Lord George Paulet. After five months, Hawai'i's sovereignty is restored by a proclamation by British Admiral Thomas. Kamehameha III proclaims, "Ua mau ke ea o ka 'āina i ka pono." (The sovereignty of the land continues tn righteousness). Māhele divides lands among maka'āinana (citizenry), the government and the king. Foreign system of private iand ownership promoted by foreigners. Reciprocity treaty allows Hawaiian sugar and rice into the United States duty-free. ln exchange, U.S. establishes a naval yard at Pu'uloa. King Kalākaua forced to sign "Bayonet Constitution" severely limiting the power oi the monarch. King Kalākaua dies in San Francisco. Lili'uokalani becomes queen. Queen Lili'uokalani plans to ptomuIgate a new constitution restoring the power to the throne. The "Annexation Club" comprised of non-native citizens and foreigners comes forward as the "Committee of Safety." American military troops land at Honolulu. Lili' uokalani abdicates the throne to avoid bloodshed. "Committee of Safety" immediately establishes a provisional government. "Wilcox Rebeliion." Royalists attempt to restore monarchy. Queen Lili'uokalani is arrested by the foreign provisional government for treason. She is imprisoned in 'Iolani Palaee. U.S. President Grover CIeveland admonishes provisional government for its unjust acts. Republic of Hawai'i established. Hawaiian language is banned from all public and private schools. Native Hawaiians petition the U.S. president, Congress and people opposed to the proposed annexation of Hawai'i to the United States. Hawai'i annexed to the United States under a bill signed by U.S. President William McKinley. Heir to the throne, Princess Victoria Ka'iulani, dies. "Organic Act" defmes Hawai'i as a Territory of the United States. Queen Lili'uokalani dies at Washington Plaee.