Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, Volume XXXVIII, Number 1, 8 Ianuali 1899 — KA PONO KUPA AMERIKA AME KA PONO KOHO BALOTA. [ARTICLE]

KA PONO KUPA AMERIKA AME KA PONO KOHO BALOTA.

Ua manao kekahi poe mawaena o na Hawaii o kakou iho nei, •mamuli o ko lakou hoomaopopo ana i na mea i hoikeia ma lea Bila Kanawai a ke Komisina e waiho mai la iloko o ka Ahaolelo Nui (Congress) elike me ka lakou i ike ai ma na nupepa mai Kaleponi mai ame ka makou pepa nei nohoi, o ka loaa ana o ka Pono Kupa Amerika i na kanaka Hawaii, oia ka loaa ana o ka Pono Koho Balota. Ua kaleleia keia manao maluna o ka Pauku 4 o ka Hoike i hoololiia e ke Komite o ko na Aina E o loko o ka Aha Senate, e olelo ana: "O na kanaka apau i lilo i po« kupa no ka Repubalika o Hawaii ma ka la 12 o Augate, 1898, ma keia ua kukalaia he poe kupa lakou no Amerika Huioia hoi, he "citizen." . ( I ko makou imi ana i oirf mea he "cHizensfhip" ma ke Kumukanawai o Amerika Huipuia, \ia kanalua ole makou ma ka olelo ana ae a hooia pu aku nohoi, aole mamuli o ka lilo ana o ke kanaka i "citizen" no Amerika Huipuia, oia ka mea e loaa ai ka pono koho balota iaia. Ua kapaia ka Pono Koho Balota he "Right of Suflrage" ma ke Kanawai o Amerika Huipuia. He mau pono kuk-aawale loa keia i kekahi ame kekahi; aka, ma ka oiaio nae, me he mea la, ua hiki ke oleloia penei: "O kela ame keia kupa Amerikā, aole ia he mea koho balota; a.ka, o kela ame keia iiiea koho balota (ma Amerika) he kupa no ia." He kakaikahi loa ka mea i komo ole iloko o keia rula. Eia makou ke waiho aku nei imua o ko makou poe heluhelu i kekahi mau olelo a makou i lawe mai ai mailoko mai o ka buke i kapaia "A Dictionary of American Politics," no ka mea e pili ana ia mea he c-itizenship (kupa) ame ka Right of Suffrage ( ! Pono Koho Baiota.) "A citizen is a member of a eommonwealth who is entitled to full prot€ction in the enjoyment of what are called private rights. The fourteenbh amendment to the Constitution declares that 'ali persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State in whieh they reside.' The term in its broad sense includes both women and children, and thc rhjht to rote ix not an inhcrcnt privilcnc of eilizcnship. * * * Suffrage is the privilege of participating in the government of a State by voting at an election of olßcers or on a c.hange in the fund? >iental law. » • ♦ The Constitution of the United States does not guarantee the suffrage to any citizens of the United States." Eia iho ka makou unuhina Hawaii 0 keia mau olelo ae la: "0 ke kupa (citizen) he lala oia noloko o ke Aupuni kuloko (eommonwealth) i loaa % ke kuleana o ka hoomalu piha ia ana, ma ke kaana ana 1 na pono i kapaia na pono pili-kino (private rights). Ua hoike ae ka Hoololi Uniikumamaha o ke Kumiikauawai o na kanaka apau i hanauia a i hookupaia paha ma Amerika Huipuia a e noho ana maialo o koua mana, he poe kupa lakou no Amerika Huipuia ame ka Mokuaina i noho ai lakou. Ma ke ano laula o keia mau olelo, ua komo malaila na waihlne ame na kamalii, a o ka pono leoho haīola aoīe ia he pono pili paa no lee kuīana noho kupa ana. * * *■ O ka pono koho ba-

j :iota (suffrage) oia ka peao o ka lauj )ima pu ana ma ka hoopouopono ana |.i ka Mokuaina mamuli o ke koho l»a- -' lota ana ina luna aupuni. * * * ; Aole i hooia ke Kumukanawai o Amei rika Huipuia e loaa ka pono koho bai lota (suffrage) i kela ame keia kupa o 1 Amerika Huipuia." i E hoomaopopo nohoi, peaei ka helu- | h..elu ana o k«la Pauku 4, ma ka Bila ! Kanawai Kumu a ke Komisina (ina J nae hoi oia niaoli na olt!o oia pauku). •'Pauku 4. ona poe ili-keokeo apau, e komo pu ana na Pukiki, ame na kanaka mamo Aferika, ame na leanaka apau i hanau mai noloko mai o ka lahui Hawaii, ma &a aoao paha o ka makuakane. a i ole ia, o ka makuahine pāha, a he poe kupa (citizens) hoi lakou no ka Repubalika o Hawaii mamua koke iho o ka hooliloia ana o kona Mana Poo Aupuni ia Amerika Huipuia, ma keia ua kukaiaia lakou he poe kupa no Amerika Huipuia."

Ma ka hoololiia aua o keia Pauku, komo iho la ka Pauku i hoikeia ae nei mamua, oia hoi ka hoololi a ke Komite i waihoia aku iloko o ka Aha Sena<te. Aka, aple i hoopauia a ho'ololiia ka Pauku 17 o ka Bila Kanawai kumu a ke Komisina, i heluheiuia penei: "Pauku 17. Aole kekalhi mea e paa ana i kekaiii oihana malalo iho o ke Aupuni, i hui pu ia me na Notere o ka Lehulehu ame na Agena Hooiaio Palapala, a kanaka palia i hoohaaiaia e ke Aupuni e kupono e kohoia i ka Ahaolelo, aole 'hoi e kuleana kekailii kanaka e koho balota ma kekahi koho balota ana mannua mai o 1903, oiai nae ua loaa iaia ke kupono ana (ma ke kanawai e koho balota) a i koho hoi malalo o ke Kumukanawai ame na Kanawai o Hawaii mamua aku o Okatoba, 1897, a mahope mai o lulai, 1894, i hoohala i ka hoopaa ana i kona inoa 1 mea koho balota, aia wale no a lawe oia i ka hoo'hiki e kakoo i ke Kumukanawai o Amerika Huipuia. Aole pili keia kupono ole ana e koho balota i ka poe i akea'kea ia ko lakou ihoopaa ana i ko lakou mau inoa mamuli o ka mai ana, a ma ka hele ana aku paha mailoko aku o ka Pae Aina."

Ke ku mau uei no keia Pauku, a o keia ka Pauku nana i 'hoomaopopo mai i ka poe "kupa o ka Repubalika o Hawaii" i lilo i "poe kupa no Amerika," i loaa ka pono koho bnlota.

Ma ke Kumukanawai o ka Repubalika o Hawaii nei, oia mea he "kupa," ua pili no ia i na kane, ua wahine ame na kamalii i hauauia ma Hawaii nei, ame ka poe hoi i hookupaia. A ina e manaoia, o kela ame keia kanaka "kupa" iioko o ka Repubalika o Hawaii ma ka la 18 o Augate, 1898, he kupa Amerika ia, mamuli o kela hoololi a ke 'Komite o ko na Aina E o ka Aha Senate ma kahi o ka Pauku 4 o ka Bila Kanawai kumu a ke Komisina, a ua loaa hoi ia poe "kupa" ka poao koho balota, elike me ka manao o kekahi poe o kakou iho nei, alaila, e loaa ana ka pono koho balota i na wahine apau i han&uia ma 'Hawaii nei, oiai e manaoia, o ke kuleana a pono hanau ma Hawaii nei, oia ka mea e loaa ai ka pono koho balota. Aka, e oleloia mai paha auanei, aole pela ka manao e loaa ai ka pono koho blota, oiai he wa/hi okoa ae no maloko o ka Bila Kanawai a ke Komisina i hoakakaia ai ka poe e loaa ai keia pono. Pela io no; oia maoli no ke alakal oiaio; Aole o kela Pauku 4 i hoaloliia ai e ke Komite o ko na Aina E, ke kahua nui i ku ai ka loaa ana. o ka Pono Koho Balota i ke kanaka i oleloia he "kupa" no Amerika Huipuia; aka, aia ka hoikeia ana oia pono ma kekahi wahi e ae o ka Bila Kanawai a ke Komislna, oia no kela Pauku 17 a makou i hoikeia ae nei, ame na Pauku e pili ana no ka poe koho Senetoa ame na Lunamakaainana. O ka Pauku 17 nae, ua pili ia no ka poe i kuleana e koho balota ma na kau koho o 1899 nei ame 1902.